Welcome to the Christmas Special
Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year!
Enjoy!
Kirsten, Eefje, Hüsna, Joep and Rick
Which eponyms are we looking for???
Question 1
M
The Monteggia fracture is a fracture of the proximal third of the ulna with dislocation of the proximal head of the radius. It is named after Giovanni Battista Monteggia.
EM Cases – Elbow Injuries – Ten Pitfalls in Diagnosis and Management
Question 2
E
An Essex-Lopresti injury consists of a radial head fracture with dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) and disruption of the interosseous membrane (IOM).
Essex-Lopresti fracture
Question 3
”Aspirin has been linked with this syndrome, so use caution when giving aspirin to children or teenagers for fever or pain. Though aspirin is approved for use in children older than age 3, children and teenagers recovering from chickenpox or flu-like symptoms should never take aspirin.’ (Mayoclinic)
R
Reye’s Syndrome was first describe in 1963. It may occur at any age in childhood, although higher rates in children < 2 years of age. Death occurs in ~30-40% of cases due to brainstem dysfunction. The etiology is not clearly known. An association (although not clear causality) is described between recent viral illness and aspirin therapy.
Reye’s Syndrome
Question 4
Fundoscopy revealed these ‘spots´ in a patient with suspected endocarditis:
R
”Roth spots are retinal haemorrhages with white or pale centres, commonly associated with subacute bacterial endocarditis and immune complex mediated vasculitis.”
Roth spots
Question 5
Y
Yankauer suction tip. Doesn’t need a lot of explanation, but I couldn’t think of anything else starting with a Y.
Sidney Yankauer
Question 6
”This disease is also known as American trypanosomiasis, is a tropical parasitic disease caused by the protist Trypanosoma cruzi. It is spread mostly by insects known as Triatominae.”’
C
”’ Chagas disease is an inflammatory, infectious disease caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which is found in the feces of the triatomine (reduviid) bug. Chagas disease is common in South America, Central America and Mexico, the primary home of the triatomine bug. ”
Question 7
A 9 year old male presents to your emergency department with a chief complaint of abdominal pain.
H
Henoch–Schonlein Purpura (HSP) is an immune-mediated small vessel vasculitis. Compared to purpura commonly caused by thrombocytopenia, the etiology of the purpuric lesions in HSP are secondary to IgA-mediated immune complex deposition in the skin.
PEM Pointers: Henoch-Schonlein Purpura
Question 8
R
Rolando Fracture is a complete and comminuted intraarticular fracture, usually in a T or Y shape
SplintER Series: Case of a First Metacarpal Fracture
Question 9
This is a system of categorizing scapula fractures involving the glenoid fossa.
I
The Ideberg classification is a system of categorizing scapula fractures involving the glenoid fossa.
Question 10
A 55 years old patient comes in with a rash after starting with ibuprofen for a backache 5 days ago.
S
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) is a rare type IV hypersensitivity reaction with sheet-like skin loss and mucosal ulceration.
https://em3.org.uk/foamed/3/6/2019/lightning-learning-stevens-johnson-syndrome
Question 11
A 12-year old boy comes in with an ankle sprain.
T
A Tillaux Fracture is a fracture of the anterolateral tibial epiphysis commonly seen in adolescents. (Salter-Harris III tibial fracture)
Tillaux fracture
Question 12
A 60 years old patient comes in with fever and upper belly pain. You find this on POCUS and pressing the probe hurts. What is this sign called?
M
(Sonographic) Murphy’s Sign is positive when the maximal intensity of patient’s pain is when the gallbladder is in view directly beneath the probe.
Question 13
”If a patient’s hand flushes fully and rapidly after an artery is released, that artery, the palmar arch, and the digital arteries are patent. If pallor persists throughout the hand, the artery that was released is occluded. Pallor in patches indicates insufficiency of the smaller vessels.”
Question 14
S
A Segond Fracture is an avulsion fracture (small) of the lateral surface of the lateral tibial condyle. Usually results from excessive internal rotation and varus stress resulting in increased tension on the lateral capsular ligament of the knee joint.
Segond fracture
This quiz was written by Eefje Verschuuren, Kirsten van der Zwet, Hüsna Sahin and Joep Hermans
Reviewed and edited by Rick Thissen
